Catalytic behaviour

 As transition elements have different oxidation states, they make good catalysts.

• The different oxidation states (and similar energy of the d-orbitals) means they can gain or lose electron easily. This transfer of electrons can make a reaction go quicker.
• As they have different ions, they can form a wide range of sites at which reactions can take place.

Catalysts you need to know.

1.                  Finely divided Ni in the hydrogenation of alkenes.

CH₂=CH₂(g) + H₂ → CH₃CH₃

                        This is used in the manufacture of margarine.

2.                  Solid V₂O₅ in the production of sulphuric acid

2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) ¾ 2SO₃(g)

3.                  Finely divided Fe or Fe₂O₃ in the production of ammonia

N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ¾ 2NH₃(g)